8.The Law of Nations – Constitution, Article I, Section 8, Clause 10
The founders developed the concept of “Law of Nations” as an extension of natural, God-given law. Through this principle, the United States established war tribunals to bring foreign officials to trial for atrocities committed in violation of the Law of Nations or international law. It implies a power and authority higher than man.
9. Rights of Criminal Defendants – Constitution, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth and Seventh Amendments
The accused is presumed innocent until proven guilty in a free society. The founding fathers adapted the Old Testament Jewish system of justice in writing the Constitution. Read Exodus 18:13-16; Deuteronomy 1:16-17; 17:6; 19:15-21. The Constitutional provisions for the rights of accused persons include:
- a grand jury indictment in serious cases,
- a speedy and public trial,
- the right to be informed of charges against oneself and to confront and cross-examine witnesses,
- a minimum of two witnesses for charges of treason,
- the right to counsel and subpoena witnesses,
- protection against unreasonable search and seizure,
- self-incrimination;
- excessive bail and
- cruel and unusual punishment.
10. Property Rights – Constitution, Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments
The Bible also puts a high value on property rights. Much of Mosaic law deals with property issues. Read Exodus 20:15, 17. These verses in the Ten Commandments clearly imply property rights. The Framers believed the ownership of property was a basic freedom granted by God.
11. The Sanctity of Contract – Constitution, Article I, Sec. 10, Para. (1)
The right to enter into a contract with another person, expect the contract to be honored, and expect the courts enforcement of them if necessary is closely related to property rights. See Psalm 15:1, 4.
Next Week: The last of the Biblical Principles found in the Declaration and Constitution
Dinner Table Discussion Question: Have any of these basic rights been compromised over the last 75 years? How?